Counting On … – Page 29

Counting on … day 29

11th February 2025

The drinking water that comes into our homes, comes at an environmental cost. The water has to be purified to a drinkable standard, it has to be stored and pumped, all of which requires energy and resources – pipe work, concrete for reservoirs etc. Once used it has to be treated again to be clean enough to return into rivers and waterways or to be recycled again as drinking water. If we are more careful about not wasting water, then we are improving the sustainability with which we live.

The climate crisis increases the likelihood of both droughts – when the benefits of conserving water are most obvious – and floods. Floods can lead to the contamination of drinking water as well as causing difficulties in remove waste water and sewage.

https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/actions/how-conserve-water

Counting on … day 28

10th February 2025

Climate change is triggering more extreme weather conditions including heavy rain and flooding. Water butts are great in the summer to help tide us over dry spells when plants need watering, but they can also be useful in slowing the flow of water into the drains.

It needs a bit of thinking but if we allow water butts to drain slowly after heavy rain into the drains, then they can be a temporary store for excess water next time it rains – a sort of mini water meadow or overflow reservoir. One precaution that is needed is that empty water butts are easily blown over in strong winds so you may want to put some bricks in the bottom of the water butt or tie the butt to something solid.

For more info – https://www.preventionweb.net/news/if-more-houses-had-water-butts-it-could-help-drought-flooding-and-water-pollution

Or Local Authority web sites – eg https://www.lambeth.gov.uk/environmental-services/flooding/flooding-prevention-reporting-information/why-have-water-butt

Counting on … day 27

7th February 2025

One way of reducing food waste is to preserve excess food. At the end of the week if I have vegetables and fruit left over from the week’s vegetable box, I will often make it into sauerkraut. In the summer if there is a glut of fruit in the garden, I will turn into jams and chutneys or bottle it to use in the winter. This past autumn I experimented with slicing and drying apples and now they are a lovely semi sweet snack. When UK peppers and tomatoes are at a peak in the shops, I will buy and bottle or pickle them for the winter when they will add colour and variety to the range of winter vegetables.

The winter months conversely are a good time to take advantage of seasonal citrus fruits, especially Seville oranges, and use them to make Marmalade.

Eco Tips

https://greentau.org/tag/marmalade/

Counting on … day 26

6th February 2025

70% (6.6 million tonnes) of food waste comes from our own kitchens, of which most (6.4 million tonnes) was edible. (1) This is clearly an issue we can all address as individuals.

Here are some tips compiled four years ago when annual domestic food waste was only 4.5 million tonnes! https://greentau.org/2021/08/09/eco-tips-4/

One of the most commonly discarded food items is bread – so here is a different way of using up bread that might otherwise be thrown away, Chester Cake. It is a variation of bread pudding without the eggs, and baked as a pie. This recipe comes from https://www.wandercooks.com/chester-squares-gur-cake/

https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/food-waste-in-the-uk/

Counting on … day 25

5th February 2025

Fairtrade helps ensure fair working conditions for workers which for many consumers is an issue of social justice that means they are willing to pay a higher price for the product. Ensuring workers have a fair wage and good living conditions is also about the sustainable use of resources. People are resources that we need to value and to treat with respect.

Food systems here in the UK and in Europe, are highly dependant on the use of part time cheap labour. In these situations workers are not paid fair wages nor are they provided with continuous year round work, holiday and sick pay etc.

This article from the Guardian describes the case of Julia Quecaño Casimiro, from Chile, who came to pick cherries in Herefordshire. When she left the farm a month later, she was homeless with little more than £100 in her pocket. https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/nov/22/seasonal-cherrypicker-from-chile-files-unfair-dismissal-claim-against-uk-farm?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

Counting on … day 24

4th February 2025

Producers of products such as cocoa, coffee and bananas also face problems due to fluctuations in prices triggered by speculators. Fairtrade can help, by guaranteeing a minimum price but also be developing direct, long term relationships between producers and buyers.

“Many initiatives in the cocoa, tea, banana and flower sectors aim to improve the social, environmental and economic performance of producers. They typically focus directly on achieving change at producer and worker level ….[However] trading relationships can have an important influence on a producer’s economic viability and capacity to invest in sustainable practices. In the banana sector in Ecuador, for example, more secure contracted volumes enable banana plantations to provide more stable year-round employment to their workers. Without these guarantees plantations are often confronted with cancellations in buying orders, making it too risky to provide job security to workers.” (1)

Sustainable food systems need to protect producers and workers, and this does ultimately protect consumers by better ensuring a steady supply of food.

https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/legacy/doc/The-Case-for-Fairness-in-Trade.pdf

Counting on … day 23

3rd February 2025

“Farmers are the backbone of our agricultural industry, working tirelessly to bring food to our tables. However, the practice of price manipulation in agricultural markets has severe consequences for these hardworking individuals. One of the most significant impacts on farmers is the financial struggles they face, coupled with a sense of uncertainty about their future.” (1)

Food waste can also be linked with capital waste. Farming requires capital inputs – seed, fertilisers, equipment – for which the return can be unpredictable. Crops may fail due to adverse weather or pests. Prices may fall because of changes in demand or because of the manipulation of the markets by investors such as hedge funds.

Recently there seemed to be a surge in demand for British grown fruit – apples, cherries etc. demand peaked and with inflation consumers (and supermarkets) opted for cheaper imports. What do farmers do who have invested in planting orchards? It can be years before the capital is repaid: should they grub up the new trees and cut their losses?

Do we need more control over prices – limiting the role of investors who are simply playing the market, using subsides to guarantee prices for British grown produce?

https://fastercapital.com/content/Price-Manipulation-in-the-Agricultural-Markets–Impacts-on-Farmers-and-Consumers.html

Counting on … day 22

31st January 2025

Sustainable use of land resource also extends to how we use finite water resources. Some crops use particularly large amounts of water – eg blueberries, strawberries – and realistically shouldn’t be grown in areas where water is a scarce resource and should be reserved for critical crops and drinking/ sanitation. In Peru blueberries are grown in areas where local crops are at risk from lack of water. Almond trees need more water than pistachios and in Spain farmers are switching from almonds to pistachios in face of the increasing prevalence of droughts.

At the same time, such water rich-crops are often vulnerable to damage – strawberries and blueberries are very susceptible to damage and often have a short shelf-life.

As consumers we can avoid buying foods that are grown with the unsustainable use of water.

Further reading – https://greentau.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/ff0ba-howfairisourwaterfootprintinperu_final_fulltechnicalreportdec2024.pdf

https://yipinstitute.org/policy/california-almonds-weighing-economic-impact-vs-water-sustainability

https://www.food4sustainability.org/awaproject

Counting on … day 20

29th January 2025

Food waste occurs at all stages between field and the fork.

At the field end, waste may occur because the crop has not grown to a saleable quality which could because of drought or excess water, frosts or excess heat, infestation by bugs or diseases. Food waste may occur because of delays in harvesting (due to adverse weather) or a lack of workers or equipment.

The increasing occurrence of adverse weather events caused by the climate crisis is going to be an issue for decades to come. Even if we can curtail carbon emissions, it will be many decades before global temperatures will reduce to a level such that weather patterns will revert to what we would consider normal.

As regards harvesting, much of the work is done by people on short term insecure contracts earning minimal wages. This is not good for them nor is it good for our food system. Maybe as consumers we should be willing to pay a fairer price for our food. But equally it maybe others in the supply chain need to be taking a smaller profit. The following Guardian article is interesting. But it is not just a UK issue. Similar problems happen in Spain where ‘cheap’ seasonal labour is brought in from North Africa – https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/ethicalcampaigns/agricultural-workers-rights-almeria

“Employment tribunal hearings are due to begin this week to decide their claims for unlawful deduction of wages, unfair dismissal, discrimination and harassment against Haygrove, a business which runs five farms in the UK growing strawberries, cherries and other berries.

“It employs more than 1,000 people to pick fruit and uses the seasonal worker scheme, a visa programme introduced after Brexit when fruit was left rotting in the fields because there was no one to pick it. Haygrove disputes the claims.

“McAndrew said there was substantial evidence of “widespread exploitation” of people on the seasonal worker visa. Part of the reason is that growers are under extreme pressure from supermarkets to drive down prices, and seasonal workers are usually employed through third-party agencies.

“Research by the Landworkers’ Alliance into the fruit supply chain found that for a £2.30 punnet of strawberries, the farm received 50p, of which just 5p was profit, while workers received just 18p after deductions for tax, visa and accommodation.” (1)

(1) https://www.theguardian.com/global/2025/jan/26/protests-by-fruit-pickers-and-farmers-put-spotlight-on-price-of-cheap-food-in-uk?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

Counting on … day 19

28th January 2025

When we are thinking of food waste in terms of ensuring we use the Earth’s resources in a sustainable way, we might also want to consider how we use the limited amount of land we all share. Globally 77%of farm land is used to raise animals for meat and dairy products, yet this supplies only 18% of the world’s (human population) calories and 37% of their protein.

Here in the UK more than half our land is used to rear livestock for meat and dairy products.

National Food Strategy landuse map