Sunday Reflections – Page 11

Candlemas

4th February 2024

Reflection (readings are below)

Candlemas end of the season of epiphany ends as it begins with the true nature of Jesus being revealed to the world. Six weeks ago we heard how the magi interpreted the message of the star so leading them to the house in Bethlehem where they recognised the baby Jesus as not just a king but also as one to be worshipped and adored. Today we hear how Anna and Simeon having been led to where Mary and Joseph were making a ritual offering in the temple, recognised the true nature of the baby Jesus as the one who will be the means of salvation for the whole world. Both are epiphany moments – moments when a bright light seems to shine through earthly things to reveal God’s glory, a moment when the true nature of Jesus is revealed. In a few weeks we will hear the story of the Transfiguration when again the true nature and identity of Jesus will be revealed, this time to his closest companions.

Today’s first reading from the prophet Malachi, gives us an interesting slant on another aspect of revelation. Malachi talks of refining and purifying. To refine something can be to remove any impurities.

Fuller’s soap – or fuller’s earth -is an alkaline substance that attracts and hangs onto grease and dirt in the wool or cloth that is to be cleaned. Then when the fuller’s soap is washed out it takes away with it the impurities. At the same time, being an alkaline, it also bleaches or whitens the material.

Refining can also mean improving a process through trial and error or by repeated practice. We might refine our piano playing by practicing scales and repeating passages of music until we have perfected them.

Refining might mean getting to the true purpose of a project or the true identity of a product. We might refine our wardrobe to create a particular look or to enable a particular lifestyle.

As metal workers we might refine a piece of metal by heating and hammering it so that it becomes stronger and more flexible. As bakers, we might knead and stretch the dough to create a better textured bread. As chocolatiers we might warm and temper our chocolate to create a shinier smoother finish.

Refining may thus reveal the true or best characteristics of what is being refined.

Malachi’s prophesy concerns the coming God’s messenger – by which we would now infer the coming of Jesus the Messiah – and the role he will play in refining and purifying God’s people. Jesus will – and does – refine and purify us so that our true nature is revealed, a nature that reflects the image of God in which we were created, a nature that is characterised by righteousness.

For our part we need to align ourselves with Jesus, to allow our lives to be shaped by his, to allow practice and testing to remove the impurities – our obstinacy and stubbornness, our selfishness and lack of compassion – so that we become the people God calls us to be. In this we will find our strength and purpose, we will find an overwhelming desire to praise and serve God.

Malachi 3:1-4

Thus says the Lord, See, I am sending my messenger to prepare the way before me, and the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to his temple. The messenger of the covenant in whom you delight– indeed, he is coming, says the Lord of hosts. But who can endure the day of his coming, and who can stand when he appears?

For he is like a refiner’s fire and like fullers’ soap; he will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and he will purify the descendants of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, until they present offerings to the Lord in righteousness. Then the offering of Judah and Jerusalem will be pleasing to the Lord as in the days of old and as in former years.

Psalm 84

1 How dear to me is your dwelling, O Lord of hosts! *
My soul has a desire and longing for the courts of the Lord;
my heart and my flesh rejoice in the living God.

2 The sparrow has found her a house
and the swallow a nest where she may lay her young; *
by the side of your altars, O Lord of hosts,
my King and my God.

3 Happy are they who dwell in your house! *
they will always be praising you.

4 Happy are the people whose strength is in you! *
whose hearts are set on the pilgrims’ way.

5 Those who go through the desolate valley will find it a place of springs, *
for the early rains have covered it with pools of water.

6 They will climb from height to height, *
and the God of gods will reveal himself in Zion.

7 Lord God of hosts, hear my prayer; *
hearken, O God of Jacob.

8 Behold our defender, O God; *
and look upon the face of your Anointed.

9 For one day in your courts is better than a thousand in my own room, *
and to stand at the threshold of the house of my God
than to dwell in the tents of the wicked.

10 For the Lord God is both sun and shield; *
he will give grace and glory;

11 No good thing will the Lord withhold *
from those who walk with integrity.

12 O Lord of hosts, *
happy are they who put their trust in you!

Hebrews 2:14-18

Since God’s children share flesh and blood, Jesus himself likewise shared the same things, so that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and free those who all their lives were held in slavery by the fear of death. For it is clear that he did not come to help angels, but the descendants of Abraham. Therefore he had to become like his brothers and sisters in every respect, so that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make a sacrifice of atonement for the sins of the people. Because he himself was tested by what he suffered, he is able to help those who are being tested.

Luke 2:22-40

When the time came for their purification according to the law of Moses, the parents of Jesus brought him up to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord (as it is written in the law of the Lord, “Every firstborn male shall be designated as holy to the Lord”), and they offered a sacrifice according to what is stated in the law of the Lord, “a pair of turtledoves or two young pigeons.”

Now there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon; this man was righteous and devout, looking forward to the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit rested on him. It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not see death before he had seen the Lord’s Messiah. Guided by the Spirit, Simeon came into the temple; and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him what was customary under the law, Simeon took him in his arms and praised God, saying,

“Master, now you are dismissing your servant in peace,
according to your word;

for my eyes have seen your salvation,
which you have prepared in the presence of all peoples,

a light for revelation to the Gentiles
and for glory to your people Israel.”

And the child’s father and mother were amazed at what was being said about him. Then Simeon blessed them and said to his mother Mary, “This child is destined for the falling and the rising of many in Israel, and to be a sign that will be opposed so that the inner thoughts of many will be revealed– and a sword will pierce your own soul too.”

There was also a prophet, Anna the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher. She was of a great age, having lived with her husband seven years after her marriage, then as a widow to the age of eighty-four. She never left the temple but worshiped there with fasting and prayer night and day. At that moment she came, and began to praise God and to speak about the child to all who were looking for the redemption of Jerusalem.

When they had finished everything required by the law of the Lord, they returned to Galilee, to their own town of Nazareth. The child grew and became strong, filled with wisdom; and the favour of God was upon him.

4th Sunday Epiphany

28th January 2024

Reflection (readings follow on)

Earlier this week someone was explaining to me why they did not believe in climate change. If the science was true, they argued, would not the politicians being taking action?

A good question.

Most politicians have families – children and, maybe, grandchildren – and surely they would want to take action to protect them and their futures if the risks were real and serious? The same would hold true for the CEOs of fossil fuel companies, of banks, of insurance companies, of pension funds. If they knew that fossil fuel emissions were increasing the risk of homes being flooded or being damaged by storms; or increasing the risk of heat waves causing excess deaths among the young and old; increasing the risks of droughts, floods and wild fires that decimate harvests and lead to food shortages – then surely they would be taking action to curtail such emissions and reduce those risks as fast as possible?

Is it that they don’t have the information? Is it that they don’t believe what the scientists are telling us? Is it that they can’t believe it will be as bad as the scientists predict? Is it that they believe that with wealth and power they can insulate their nearest and dearest from such disasters?

Paul in his letter to the community in Corinth is aware how tricky knowledge can be. Often we have an incomplete knowledge, a partial knowledge, and we may make perverse decisions. Sometimes my incomplete knowledge is similar to but not identical with your incomplete knowledge and that can lead to huge misunderstandings. So Paul reminds us that one thing is true – that we are all known to God!

If knowledge isn’t always the answer, what about wisdom? Wisdom begins with fear of the Lord, says the Psalmist. Fear of the Lord is not about being panic stricken, or scared out of our pants, but about realising just how far apart is our understanding of the world and God’s understanding. It is about humility – knowing our place, our limitations – and about awe. That is the beginning – not the end – of wisdom. Wisdom is what we gain by paying attention to God, by paying attention to what God has created and how it all interrelates. Wisdom is about learning from others – we cannot expect to gain sufficient wisdom to be of use just as an individual – and about learning from our (individual and corporate) mistakes. Wisdom is about not ignoring the difficult questions. Rather wisdom is about holding that tension between acknowledging the difficulty and acknowledging our own inability to provide a solution.

Perhaps we need to put more emphasis on wisdom than on just knowledge. Perhaps that is what politicians and CEOs and economists and advertising executives need – wisdom so that they can make best sense of the knowledge they have?

The passage from Deuteronomy is focused on the importance of the prophet. What is a prophet? The Godly Play scripts say that a prophet is someone who comes so close to God and God comes so close to them, that they know what God is wanting to say. Prophetic speech can include warnings about what is or might be happening in the world, and about the consequences of the actions we might take. It can also give advice and guidance about living better lives, about living in harmony with the world, and about engaging with God.

Clearly The Prophet referenced in Deuteronomy, is Jesus. And Jesus in today’s gospel is highlighted as a person who not only teaches, but teaches with authority. This is because his knowledge comes from God – something the spirits recognise.

To return to the question, if politicians know that the knowledge the scientists tell us about climate change is true, why do they not act as if it were true? Is it lack of wisdom or lack of knowledge? Or is it that they feel safe ignoring the information for as long as the majority of people and organisations around them are doing the same thing? It is easier to go along with the crowd. They are not alone. It is an approach taken by business leaders, by financiers, by economists. No one wants to be the first to say this is a real problem. No one wants to risk standing out in the crowd. No one wants to risk loosing a short term gain.

They, and we, are at an impasse. No one will take action until everyone else does! No one wants to question the consensus that if no one is panicking, then there is nothing to panic about.

What we need is a prophet! Someone who tell it like it is. Someone who is not constrained by polite convention. Someone who is honest. Someone who can brave the brickbats. Someone who has a strong faith to lean upon. Someone whose understanding is informed by God, whose wisdom grows out of respect for God, whose message reflects God’s truth.

And do w have such prophetic voices. Climate activists are often our modern day prophets. Some are more popular – such as David Attenborough and Chris Packham. Others less so – being a prophet is not about popularity.

When climate activists break the glass doors of banks, it has been because they are sounding the alarm to people who do not seem to be paying attention. It is because they are relaying to those institutions the warnings they really need – and would surely want – to hear if only they were not being drowned out by the ‘business as usual’ message of the majority.

When activists walk slowly along the road disrupting daily life, it is because they acting out on a very small scale the disruption that the climate crisis will lead to if we continue as we are. When activists hold prayerful vigils they act both as an encouragement to those who want to see a different future and to activity a niggling doubt for those who think all is well.

These prophets are trying to unravel the mentality that says until everyone else acts, then I won’t act. These prophets are trying to break this lemming-like mindset. And it is a hard and difficult and drawn out process.. But prophets are backed by God’s wisdom, by the authoritative teaching that comes from Jesus, and by the confidence that comes from knowing that they are known by God.

Finally from today’s psalm, we are reminded that grace and compassion, faithfulness and justice are hallmarks of God which we should aim to mirror in our lives.

Deuteronomy 18:15-20

Moses said: The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own people; you shall heed such a prophet. This is what you requested of the Lord your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly when you said: “If I hear the voice of the Lord my God any more, or ever again see this great fire, I will die.” Then the Lord replied to me: “They are right in what they have said. I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their own people; I will put my words in the mouth of the prophet, who shall speak to them everything that I command. Anyone who does not heed the words that the prophet shall speak in my name, I myself will hold accountable. But any prophet who speaks in the name of other gods, or who presumes to speak in my name a word that I have not commanded the prophet to speak—that prophet shall die.”

Psalm 111

1 Hallelujah!
I will give thanks to the Lord with my whole heart, *
in the assembly of the upright, in the congregation.

2 Great are the deeds of the Lord! *
they are studied by all who delight in them.

3 His work is full of majesty and splendour, *
and his righteousness endures for ever.

4 He makes his marvellous works to be remembered; *
the Lord is gracious and full of compassion.

5 He gives food to those who fear him; *
he is ever mindful of his covenant.

6 He has shown his people the power of his works *
in giving them the lands of the nations.

7 The works of his hands are faithfulness and justice; *
all his commandments are sure.

8 They stand fast for ever and ever, *
because they are done in truth and equity.

9 He sent redemption to his people;
he commanded his covenant for ever; *
holy and awesome is his Name.

10 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom; *
those who act accordingly have a good understanding;
his praise endures for ever.

1 Corinthians 8:1-13

Now concerning food sacrificed to idols: we know that “all of us possess knowledge.” Knowledge puffs up, but love builds up. Anyone who claims to know something does not yet have the necessary knowledge; but anyone who loves God is known by him.

Hence, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “no idol in the world really exists,” and that “there is no God but one.” Indeed, even though there may be so-called gods in heaven or on earth—as in fact there are many gods and many lords— yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.

It is not everyone, however, who has this knowledge. Since some have become so accustomed to idols until now, they still think of the food they eat as food offered to an idol; and their conscience, being weak, is defiled. “Food will not bring us close to God.” We are no worse off if we do not eat, and no better off if we do. But take care that this liberty of yours does not somehow become a stumbling block to the weak. For if others see you, who possess knowledge, eating in the temple of an idol, might they not, since their conscience is weak, be encouraged to the point of eating food sacrificed to idols? So by your knowledge those weak believers for whom Christ died are destroyed. But when you thus sin against members of your family, and wound their conscience when it is weak, you sin against Christ. Therefore, if food is a cause of their falling, I will never eat meat, so that I may not cause one of them to fall.

Mark 1:21-28

Jesus and his disciples went to Capernaum; and when the sabbath came, he entered the synagogue and taught. They were astounded at his teaching, for he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes. Just then there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit, and he cried out, “What have you to do with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are, the Holy One of God.” But Jesus rebuked him, saying, “Be silent, and come out of him!” And the unclean spirit, convulsing him and crying with a loud voice, came out of him. They were all amazed, and they kept on asking one another, “What is this? A new teaching—with authority! He commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey him.” At once his fame began to spread throughout the surrounding region of Galilee.

3rd Sunday of Epiphany

21st January 2024

Reflection (readings are below)

The story of the wedding in Cana is one of my favourites. It has all the hall marks of a good story – a beginning, a middle where a problem arises and is then resolved by the hero, and a conclusion which highlights the outcome. Jesus acts to make good a situation that is going wrong and does so in a way that is absurdly generous. That absurd generosity is a feature of God’s will that I find most attractive and awe inspiring.

It is also a story about marriage, about the importance of such a covenant relationship. Marriage is an amazing institution. Two people who may have no previous connection, agree – indeed desire whole heartedly – to live together for the rest of their lives loving and supporting each other come what may. It is not a relationship for making money or for exerting power. It is a relationship about living together so as to enhance daily life. (I accept that not all marriages are good marriages and that some are harmful, but they are not the majority. Statistics from 2023 suggest that a third of marriages will end in divorce by the 20th wedding anniversary).

The writer of John’s gospel uses marriage as a metaphor for the relationship between God – and specially identifies Jesus as the bridegroom – and those who believe. This continues a tradition already established in the Hebrew Bible. The Book of Hosea portrays God as a scorned husband who is doing every thing possible to woo back his wayward wife. In this prophetic writing it is the nation of Israel that is the wayward wife that has chased after false gods and their false promises. In the New Testament the marriage metaphor is more about the relationship between Jesus, the Son of God, and the individual believer.

What are the bonds and the characteristic features that make marriage such a beautiful metaphor for the relationship between Jesus – God – and people?

Isaiah tells us that marriage is characterised by joy and delight, that the beloved is to be likened to a crown of beauty, being both precious and admirable. The Psalmist too gives us some suggestions – that what God brings to the relationship is steadfast love, faith and righteousness. So surely that also suggests that we should equally bring to the relationship is steadfast love, faith and righteousness.

Another approach would be to look at what makes for a good human marriage: things such as trust, being honest and open with each other, saying ‘I love you!’ as well as saying ‘This is what upsets me…’

Doing things we know will please our partner which may be sharing a chocolate bar or putting out the recycling bin. Helping our partner to achieve their goals, and being ready to accept their help – that can sometimes call upon a lot of humility on our part. Listening to the other rather than jumping to conclusions. Being faithful through bad times as well good.

Paul in his letter to the Corinthians will later write at length about love – a passage often used at weddings. In today’s section he is talking about the gifts, the spiritual gifts that we receive from God. These gifts, he tells us, are given for the common good. They are not just for our personal benefit, or for the benefit of a select group, but for the benefit of everyone. (There may in that be some useful guidance in determining what we think our gifts are and how we should use them).

The gifts that Jesus brought – and brings – are for the good of everyone. The water that was turned into wine was for all the guests not just a select few. All were able to share in the generosity of his gift – far more wine that they could really drink – between 130 and 180 gallons or as someone else calculated, 2400 glasses – and in the quality of the gift. This was not just good wine but the best!

The writer of the gospel tells us that that example of Jesus’s love was the first of many signs that revealed his glory. A first invitation to those present to enter into a relationship of steadfast love, faithfulness and righteousness.

And that invitation, that first step made to woo people into a marriage with God, is still being made for us today. God loves us deeply and steadfastly, without query or deviation. Welcome then, God’s attention and receive God’s love. Let a loving relationship – a marriage – between you and God grow so that your life and that of those who surround you, will be greatly enriched.

Isaiah 62:1-5

For Zion’s sake I will not keep silent,
and for Jerusalem’s sake I will not rest,
until her vindication shines out like the dawn,
and her salvation like a burning torch.

The nations shall see your vindication,
and all the kings your glory;
and you shall be called by a new name
that the mouth of the Lord will give.

You shall be a crown of beauty in the hand of the Lord,
and a royal diadem in the hand of your God.

You shall no more be termed Forsaken,
    and your land shall no more be termed Desolate;
but you shall be called My Delight Is in Her,
    and your land Married;
for the Lord delights in you,
    and your land shall be married.

For as a young man marries a young woman,
so shall your builder marry you,
and as the bridegroom rejoices over the bride,
so shall your God rejoice over you.

Psalm 36:5-10

Your steadfast love, O Lord, extends to the heavens,
your faithfulness to the clouds.

Your righteousness is like the mighty mountains,
your judgements are like the great deep;
you save humans and animals alike, O Lord.

How precious is your steadfast love, O God!
All people may take refuge in the shadow of your wings.

They feast on the abundance of your house,
and you give them drink from the river of your delights.

For with you is the fountain of life;
in your light we see light.

O continue your steadfast love to those who know you,
and your salvation to the upright of heart!

1 Corinthians 12:1-11

Now concerning spiritual gifts, brothers and sisters, I do not want you to be uninformed. You know that when you were pagans, you were enticed and led astray to idols that could not speak. Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking by the Spirit of God ever says ‘Let Jesus be cursed!’ and no one can say ‘Jesus is Lord’ except by the Holy Spirit.

Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; and there are varieties of services, but the same Lord; and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who activates all of them in everyone. To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good. To one is given through the Spirit the utterance of wisdom, and to another the utterance of knowledge according to the same Spirit, to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit, to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the discernment of spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. All these are activated by one and the same Spirit, who allots to each one individually just as the Spirit chooses.

John 2:1-11

On the third day there was a wedding in Cana of Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. When the wine gave out, the mother of Jesus said to him, ‘They have no wine.’ And Jesus said to her, ‘Woman, what concern is that to you and to me? My hour has not yet come.’ His mother said to the servants, ‘Do whatever he tells you.’ Now standing there were six stone water-jars for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons. Jesus said to them, ‘Fill the jars with water.’ And they filled them up to the brim. He said to them, ‘Now draw some out, and take it to the chief steward.’ So they took it. When the steward tasted the water that had become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the steward called the bridegroom and said to him, ‘Everyone serves the good wine first, and then the inferior wine after the guests have become drunk. But you have kept the good wine until now.’ Jesus did this, the first of his signs, in Cana of Galilee, and revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him.

Epiphany

7th January 2024

Reflection (readings below)

Epiphany has the meaning of manifestation, of a shining light of revelation, of things come into view. Today’s gospel tells of a number of epiphany moments – when the magi first saw the star and understood its significance, when they reached Jerusalem and became aware that Herod was not as genuine as he made out, when the scriptures pointed the way to the smaller city of Bethlehem, and when they saw the child with Mary his mother.

Each epiphany moment was met by a response. When they see the star and realise what it signifies, they set out on a journey to find the new-born king. When they hear what is being said in Herod’s courts they readjust their route and head for Bethlehem. When they see the child, they kneel down in worship and give gifts to honour the child.

Herod on the other hand, when he realises what the star and the arrival of the magi means, responds with trickery and, when that fails, with anger cruelly killing every young child.

It is not just the revelation – the truth – that is important, it is also how people respond to the revelation, to the truth.

On Friday Canon Nick Davies at Tewksbury Cathedral looked out at the flooding surrounding the cathedral: “Tewksbury has been flooded since Roman times, but what we’re seeing now with climate change is that those extreme weather events are becoming more frequent. Global warming enables clouds to hold more moisture and drop it more swiftly on places like here or elsewhere. And that’s what we’re seeing.” (https://www.theguardian.com/weather/2024/jan/05/heavy-flooding-is-climate-crisis-wake-up-call-for-uk-says-tewkesbury-abbey-canon?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other)

The widespread flooding that is being witnessed both in Tewksbury and across Britain (and indeed across Europe) is an epiphany moment or as Nick Davies puts it “It’s a wake-up call for the nation.”

But what is now important is that we respond appropriately to that epiphany. And Nick Davies went on “It’s about our carbon footprint. It’s about land usage. It’s about not building on floodplains. It’s about joined-up thinking across the Severn river basin. And that’s what we need if we’re not going to be back here in another few years’ time.”

Nick Davies was upfront in saying we should be questioning our lifestyles, whether people should carry on flying, how to decarbonise transport systems, and the importance of adopting national and international legislation.

So as we celebrate the season of epiphany that began with a newly observed star, let us pay attention to the other epiphany moments that are sounding the alarm about the climate crisis, the biodiversity crisis, and the peace and justice crises. And not just note them, but act positively and proactively as a people who are commanded to love their neighbours, and to tend and care for plant earth – our common home. And by so doing we will be loving God with all our heart and and mind and strength. We need not just Nick Davies speaking to the Guardian from the roof of Tewksbury Abbey, but preachers from every pulpit, leaders in every Bible study and home group, bishops from their cathedral thrones, and Lords Spiritual in the Houses of Parliament, every PCC diocesan Synod, making manifest the scale of the crises we face and the with candour spelling out how we can – and must – change the way we do things..

Isaiah 60:1-6

Arise, shine; for your light has come,
and the glory of the Lord has risen upon you.

For darkness shall cover the earth,
and thick darkness the peoples;

but the Lord will arise upon you,
and his glory will appear over you.

Nations shall come to your light,
and kings to the brightness of your dawn.

Lift up your eyes and look around;
they all gather together, they come to you;

your sons shall come from far away,
and your daughters shall be carried on their nurses’ arms.

Then you shall see and be radiant;
your heart shall thrill and rejoice,

because the abundance of the sea shall be brought to you,
the wealth of the nations shall come to you.

A multitude of camels shall cover you,
the young camels of Midian and Ephah;
all those from Sheba shall come.

They shall bring gold and frankincense,
and shall proclaim the praise of the Lord.

Psalm 72:1-7,10-14

1 Give the King your justice, O God, *
and your righteousness to the King’s Son;

2 That he may rule your people righteously *
and the poor with justice;

3 That the mountains may bring prosperity to the people, *
and the little hills bring righteousness.

4 He shall defend the needy among the people; *
he shall rescue the poor and crush the oppressor.

5 He shall live as long as the sun and moon endure, *
from one generation to another.

6 He shall come down like rain upon the mown field, *
like showers that water the earth.

7 In his time shall the righteous flourish; *
there shall be abundance of peace till the moon shall be no more.

10 The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall pay tribute, *
and the kings of Arabia and Saba offer gifts.

11 All kings shall bow down before him, *
and all the nations do him service.

12 For he shall deliver the poor who cries out in distress, *
and the oppressed who has no helper.

13 He shall have pity on the lowly and poor; *
he shall preserve the lives of the needy.

14 He shall redeem their lives from oppression and violence, *
and dear shall their blood be in his sight.

Ephesians 3:1-12

This is the reason that I Paul am a prisoner for Christ Jesus for the sake of you Gentiles– for surely you have already heard of the commission of God’s grace that was given me for you, and how the mystery was made known to me by revelation, as I wrote above in a few words, a reading of which will enable you to perceive my understanding of the mystery of Christ. In former generations this mystery was not made known to humankind, as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit: that is, the Gentiles have become fellow heirs, members of the same body, and sharers in the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel.

Of this gospel I have become a servant according to the gift of God’s grace that was given me by the working of his power. Although I am the very least of all the saints, this grace was given to me to bring to the Gentiles the news of the boundless riches of Christ, and to make everyone see what is the plan of the mystery hidden for ages in God who created all things; so that through the church the wisdom of God in its rich variety might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places. This was in accordance with the eternal purpose that he has carried out in Christ Jesus our Lord, in whom we have access to God in boldness and confidence through faith in him.

Matthew 2:1-12

In the time of King Herod, after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, asking, “Where is the child who has been born king of the Jews? For we observed his star at its rising, and have come to pay him homage.” When King Herod heard this, he was frightened, and all Jerusalem with him; and calling together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Messiah was to be born. They told him, “In Bethlehem of Judea; for so it has been written by the prophet:

`And you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;

for from you shall come a ruler
who is to shepherd my people Israel.'”

Then Herod secretly called for the wise men and learned from them the exact time when the star had appeared. Then he sent them to Bethlehem, saying, “Go and search diligently for the child; and when you have found him, bring me word so that I may also go and pay him homage.” When they had heard the king, they set out; and there, ahead of them, went the star that they had seen at its rising, until it stopped over the place where the child was. When they saw that the star had stopped, they were overwhelmed with joy. On entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother; and they knelt down and paid him homage. Then, opening their treasure chests, they offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And having been warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they left for their own country by another road.

1st Sunday of Christmas

31st December 2023

Reflection (readings are below)

Rejoice! Rejoice in the Lord says Isaiah.

Yet when we listen to the news we may feel there is little cause for rejoicing. War, injustice, poverty, overstretched health systems, floods and storms, and the hypocrisy of politicians telling us that they have our best interests at heart, that they are doing so much to safeguard the environment, to help the poor and vulnerable!

As we hear again the Christmas stories from the Gospels, we realise that things weer not so very different then. Power was in the hands of a few, and their wishes inconvenienced others. Yet God’s message of salvation and hope was passed onto the poor – shepherds, carpenters, overstretched innkeepers – and was sought out by those seeking wisdom and truth, those who were prepared to travel long distances, willing to make detours and backtrack. And there was mass murder, there were refugees, there was poverty.

Today’s psalm echoes the themes of the Magnificat – healing the broken hearted, lifting up the lowly: salvation is about transformation and restoration, healing and growth. It is God’s word, God’s command, that effects this. It is a message we mustn’t forget. It reminds and reassures us that just because the world is in a bad way, that that is not how God will’s it to be; rather God desires that this bad state of affairs be transformed, be turned upside down. God is so committed to this that God took on our human nature so that we could see the God-given potential that humans have.

If we look around, we can see signs of hope: the people and the governments demanding a ceasefire in Gaza, the continued provision of food banks and homeless shelters, the expansion of renewal energy in Uruguay (98%), states challenging Trump’s right to stand for a second term as President, the reduction in air pollution in London as a result of the ULEZ scheme, a funded project to protect and enhance the UK’s Celtic rainforest.

If both Isaiah and the Psalmist can praise God with an absolute certainty that righteousness will spring up like plants in a garden and that salvation will blaze forth like a torch, can we too embrace that confidence too? Can we recognise the God-given potential in ourselves and in others to achieve this? Here we are on the cusp of a new year, what resolutions can we make?

The passage from John’s gospel tells us that it is the light that will transform the world; a light that cannot be overcome. It is a light to which John the Baptist testifies; he can do no other. John’s calling is to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth! He speaks truth to power. He speaks with an honesty that is clear that he is just a messenger: the gospel message – the light – is so much greater. John knows that there are others who will choose not to hear the truth, who will deny the validity and the importance of the message. Others who will put forward an alternative – false – message. Yet that will not stop John proclaiming what he knows to be true, and it will certainly not prevent the light from being eternally present.

For climate activists this calling to proclaim a message of truth that many do not want to hear, that those in authority wish to suppress, the reality that John faced will come as no surprise. And such truth telling is needed. Governments are not truthful about the scale of the climate and ecological crisis. Oil companies are not truthful about their commitment to ending fossil fuel extraction. Judges do not allow the truth to be heard when climate activists are on trial.

Hopefully today’s gospel will be an encouragement for them, an acknowledgment that they are but the next generation of a long line of those called to proclaim the salvific promises of God.

Isaiah 61:10-62:3

I will greatly rejoice in the Lord,
my whole being shall exult in my God;

for he has clothed me with the garments of salvation,
he has covered me with the robe of righteousness,

as a bridegroom decks himself with a garland,
and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.

For as the earth brings forth its shoots,
and as a garden causes what is sown in it to spring up,

so the Lord God will cause righteousness and praise
to spring up before all the nations.

For Zion’s sake I will not keep silent,
and for Jerusalem’s sake I will not rest,

until her vindication shines out like the dawn,
and her salvation like a burning torch.

The nations shall see your vindication,
and all the kings your glory;

and you shall be called by a new name
that the mouth of the Lord will give.

You shall be a crown of beauty in the hand of the Lord,
and a royal diadem in the hand of your God.

Psalm 147

1 Hallelujah!
How good it is to sing praises to our God! *
how pleasant it is to honour him with praise!

2 The Lord rebuilds Jerusalem; *
he gathers the exiles of Israel.

3 He heals the brokenhearted *
and binds up their wounds.

4 He counts the number of the stars *
and calls them all by their names.

5 Great is our Lord and mighty in power; *
there is no limit to his wisdom.

6 The Lord lifts up the lowly, *
but casts the wicked to the ground.

7 Sing to the Lord with thanksgiving; *
make music to our God upon the harp.

8 He covers the heavens with clouds *
and prepares rain for the earth;

9 He makes grass to grow upon the mountains *
and green plants to serve mankind.

10 He provides food for flocks and herds *
and for the young ravens when they cry.

11 He is not impressed by the might of a horse; *
he has no pleasure in the strength of a man;

12 But the Lord has pleasure in those who fear him, *
in those who await his gracious favour.

13 Worship the Lord, O Jerusalem; *
praise your God, O Zion;

14 For he has strengthened the bars of your gates; *
he has blessed your children within you.

15 He has established peace on your borders; *
he satisfies you with the finest wheat.

16 He sends out his command to the earth, *
and his word runs very swiftly.

17 He gives snow like wool; *
he scatters hoarfrost like ashes.

18 He scatters his hail like bread crumbs; *
who can stand against his cold?

19 He sends forth his word and melts them; *
he blows with his wind, and the waters flow.

20 He declares his word to Jacob, *
his statutes and his judgments to Israel.

21 He has not done so to any other nation; *
to them he has not revealed his judgments.
Hallelujah!

Galatians 3:23-25; 4:4-7

Now before faith came, we were imprisoned and guarded under the law until faith would be revealed. Therefore the law was our disciplinarian until Christ came, so that we might be justified by faith. But now that faith has come, we are no longer subject to a disciplinarian.

But when the fullness of time had come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, in order to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as children. And because you are children, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” So you are no longer a slave but a child, and if a child then also an heir, through God.

John 1:1-18

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came into being through him, and without him not one thing came into being. What has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people. The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not overcome it.

There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. He came as a witness to testify to the light, so that all might believe through him. He himself was not the light, but he came to testify to the light. The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world.

He was in the world, and the world came into being through him; yet the world did not know him. He came to what was his own, and his own people did not accept him. But to all who received him, who believed in his name, he gave power to become children of God, who were born, not of blood or of the will of the flesh or of the will of man, but of God.

And the Word became flesh and lived among us, and we have seen his glory, the glory as of a father’s only son, full of grace and truth. (John testified to him and cried out, “This was he of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me ranks ahead of me because he was before me.'”) From his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace. The law indeed was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. No one has ever seen God. It is God the only Son, who is close to the Father’s heart, who has made him known.

4th Sunday of Advent

24th December 2023

Sunday reflection (readings are below)

In the reading from 2 Samuel, both Nathan and David learn that the ‘house of God’ as a legacy is not to be found in a temple or any other physical building – which might gives us pause for thought when we think of of the sums of money and the emotional value we invests in cathedrals and church buildings. Rather the enduring legacy that will attest to God’s greatness – and reflect their faithful love of God – will be that of kinship and kingship. It will be in the lineage of those who are faithful to God, following the ways of God, that will be an everlasting kingdom – the kingdom of God.

The passage from Paul’s letter to the new Christian communities in Rome, reminds them – and us – of the mystery of what was there all along yet hidden, and which was revealed in Jesus, the gift of faith. Faith that builds communities, that transforms injustices, that brings healing and new life – faith being about the upside down world described in the Magnificat.

Just as Mary found favour with God, so we too can with faith, find ourselves favoured by God. Recently I was reading a poem, ‘Virgin Birth’ by Joy Cowley, in which she speaks of ‘the Emmanuel space’ within us where we conceive and give birth to Christ. It is a holy space she says which cannot be filled by friends or family (as important as they are) nor by power or status, but only by God. If only God can fill this space, it must be also a vulnerable space. Somewhere we might shy away from as to fill it – to allow God in – is to acknowledge a need for God. So it can be a space we block from sight, hiding it behind other things. Hiding it behind things like power and status, wealth and desire, or behind things that are not unimportant – like family and friends, like the climate crisis and social justice – and so we may struggle on, failing to receive that most valuable gift of God incarnate.

If like David and Nathan we wish to honour God with a temple, we will best do so by adding to the lineage that is the House of God, by being participants in the faithful participants in God’s kingdom, both receiving and sharing the gift of God within our lives on an ongoing basis.

When we think of lineage as a family, we have the image of a trunk from which many branches reach out, dividing and crisscrossing as they stretch ever further out. God’s family tree is more truly a network. It grows as members (and here we should not be purely human focused but recognise all creation as part of God’s kingdom) are open to God’s spirit moving within them. And it is disrupted and damaged when God’s spirit is impeded by our own vanities, self importance, desire for power etc – those activities that unchecked lead to prejudice, oppression, conflict, injustice and war.

As we wait in the eve of Christmas ready to celebrate the mystery of Christ entering our lives, let us acknowledge what is not right in the world and hold onto the hope that it does not have to be this way and that we as part of God’s favoured ones, we can too can give birth to change.

Samuel 7:1-11, 16

When the king was settled in his house, and the Lord had given him rest from all his enemies around him, the king said to the prophet Nathan, “See now, I am living in a house of cedar, but the ark of God stays in a tent.” Nathan said to the king, “Go, do all that you have in mind; for the Lord is with you.”

But that same night the word of the Lord came to Nathan: Go and tell my servant David: Thus says the Lord: Are you the one to build me a house to live in? I have not lived in a house since the day I brought up the people of Israel from Egypt to this day, but I have been moving about in a tent and a tabernacle. Wherever I have moved about among all the people of Israel, did I ever speak a word with any of the tribal leaders of Israel, whom I commanded to shepherd my people Israel, saying, “Why have you not built me a house of cedar?” Now therefore thus you shall say to my servant David: Thus says the Lord of hosts: I took you from the pasture, from following the sheep to be prince over my people Israel; and I have been with you wherever you went, and have cut off all your enemies from before you; and I will make for you a great name, like the name of the great ones of the earth. And I will appoint a place for my people Israel and will plant them, so that they may live in their own place, and be disturbed no more; and evildoers shall afflict them no more, as formerly, from the time that I appointed judges over my people Israel; and I will give you rest from all your enemies. Moreover the Lord declares to you that the Lord will make you a house. Your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me; your throne shall be established forever.

The Response

Canticle 15

The Song of Mary Magnificat

Luke 1:46-55

My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord,

my spirit rejoices in God my Saviour; *
for he has looked with favour on his lowly servant.

From this day all generations will call me blessed: *
the Almighty has done great things for me, and holy is his Name.

He has mercy on those who fear him *
in every generation.

He has shown the strength of his arm, *
he has scattered the proud in their conceit.

He has cast down the mighty from their thrones, *
and has lifted up the lowly.

He has filled the hungry with good things, *
and the rich he has sent away empty.

He has come to the help of his servant Israel, *
for he has remembered his promise of mercy,

The promise he made to our fathers, *
to Abraham and his children for ever.

Glory to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit: *
as it was in the beginning, is now, and will be for ever. Amen.

Romans 16:25-27

Now to God who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages but is now disclosed, and through the prophetic writings is made known to all the Gentiles, according to the command of the eternal God, to bring about the obedience of faith– to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever! Amen.

Luke 1:26-38

In the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent by God to a town in Galilee called Nazareth, to a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. The virgin’s name was Mary. And he came to her and said, “Greetings, favoured one! The Lord is with you.” But she was much perplexed by his words and pondered what sort of greeting this might be. The angel said to her, “Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favour with God. And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you will name him Jesus. He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give to him the throne of his ancestor David. He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.” Mary said to the angel, “How can this be, since I am a virgin?” The angel said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be holy; he will be called Son of God. And now, your relative Elizabeth in her old age has also conceived a son; and this is the sixth month for her who was said to be barren. For nothing will be impossible with God.” Then Mary said, “Here am I, the servant of the Lord; let it be with me according to your word.” Then the angel departed from her.

3rd Sunday of Advent

17th December 2023

Reflection (readings are below)

Are we as Christians, as activists for justice, acorns that God is planting in the hope that the growth we start will become as an oak tree. A mature oak tree can provide a habitat for as many as 2300 species! (Woodlands Trust). Wouldn’t it be amazing if we could create communities that could be home to so many different species? Do the words of Isaiah provide a template for such a community? It would be a place (and a space) in which the broken hearted would find respite and healing, those trapped by unjust systems would find freedom, the oppressed would find hope and new life. It would be a place of justice and empathy and compassion. A place where each and everyone could develop their true potential as creatures of God’s making. And it would become a place of joy and celebration.

The community created would perhaps echo the images of those Christmas cards that show happy families, dinner tables decked for a feast, lights gleaming in every window, peaceful landscapes (usually rural and snow covered), sheep safely grazing, smiling posties with gifts for all, choirs filling the air with songs of praise.

And such communities, such scenes of peace and joy are possible – if only we really want them, only if we have the will.

Mary’s Magnificat tells us what we have to remove or change to create such as community. We will need to overcome conceit and self-importance, and rebalance power and opportunity so that they are equally distributed. We will need to encourage the lowly and the vulnerable, to appreciate their value. We will need to redistribute resources so that those with out and those with lots all have an enough.

As the discussion at COP28 come to an end, we are reminded of how much wealth there is in the world and how unequally it is distributed. We have heard how re-distributing wealth from the richer to the vulnerable nations could transform poverty, address the threat of climate change, and create vibrant economies. We have heard how redistributing subsidies from fossil fuels to renewable energy could lift so many out of poverty and stall the rise in global temperatures. We have heard how developing renewable energy and green industries can create new and sustainable jobs.

This week’s gospel repeats last week’s message from Isaiah that we should make straight the path for the Lord, making smooth the way in for the of God.

Let us rejoice and pray without ceasing for the reality that God’s kingdom can come here on earth as in heaven. Let us pray and work for everything that can make the pathway smooth – whether that is in our individual actions by which we love our neighbours and our enemies, or our corporate actions as communities, or our activism in advocating for change by local and national authorities, institutions and corporations – for in so doing we follow the example of John the Baptist in bearing witness to the will of God, in testifying to the light.

Isaiah 61:1-4, 8-11

The spirit of the Lord God is upon me,
because the Lord has anointed me;

he has sent me to bring good news to the oppressed,
to bind up the brokenhearted,

to proclaim liberty to the captives,
and release to the prisoners;

to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favour,
and the day of vengeance of our God;
to comfort all who mourn;

to provide for those who mourn in Zion—
to give them a garland instead of ashes,

the oil of gladness instead of mourning,
the mantle of praise instead of a faint spirit.

They will be called oaks of righteousness,
the planting of the Lord, to display his glory.

They shall build up the ancient ruins,
they shall raise up the former devastations;

they shall repair the ruined cities,
the devastations of many generations.

For I the Lord love justice,
I hate robbery and wrongdoing;

I will faithfully give them their recompense,
and I will make an everlasting covenant with them.

Their descendants shall be known among the nations,
and their offspring among the peoples;

all who see them shall acknowledge
that they are a people whom the Lord has blessed.

I will greatly rejoice in the LORD,
my whole being shall exult in my God;

for he has clothed me with the garments of salvation,
he has covered me with the robe of righteousness,

as a bridegroom decks himself with a garland,
and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.

For as the earth brings forth its shoots,
and as a garden causes what is sown in it to spring up,

so the Lord God will cause righteousness and praise
to spring up before all the nations.

The Song of Mary Magnificat

Luke 1:46-55

My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord,

my spirit rejoices in God my Saviour; *
for he has looked with favour on his lowly servant.

From this day all generations will call me blessed: *
the Almighty has done great things for me, and holy is his Name.

He has mercy on those who fear him *
in every generation.

He has shown the strength of his arm, *
he has scattered the proud in their conceit.

He has cast down the mighty from their thrones, *
and has lifted up the lowly.

He has filled the hungry with good things, *
and the rich he has sent away empty.

He has come to the help of his servant Israel, *
for he has remembered his promise of mercy,

The promise he made to our fathers, *
to Abraham and his children for ever.

Glory to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit: *
as it was in the beginning, is now, and will be for ever. Amen.

1 Thessalonians 5:16-24

Rejoice always, pray without ceasing, give thanks in all circumstances; for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus for you. Do not quench the Spirit. Do not despise the words of prophets, but test everything; hold fast to what is good; abstain from every form of evil.

May the God of peace himself sanctify you entirely; and may your spirit and soul and body be kept sound and blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. The one who calls you is faithful, and he will do this.

John 1:6-8,19-28

This is the testimony given by John when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, “Who are you?” He confessed and did not deny it, but confessed, “I am not the Messiah.” And they asked him, “What then? Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not.” “Are you the prophet?” He answered, “No.” Then they said to him, “Who are you? Let us have an answer for those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?” He said, “I am the voice of one crying out in the wilderness, ‘Make straight the way of the Lord,’” as the prophet Isaiah said. Now they had been sent from the Pharisees. They asked him, “Why then are you baptising if you are neither the Messiah, nor Elijah, nor the prophet?” John answered them, “I baptise with water. Among you stands one whom you do not know, the one who is coming after me; I am not worthy to untie the thong of his sandal.” This took place in Bethany across the Jordan where John was baptising.

2nd Sunday of Advent

10th December 2023

Reflection (Readings following on below)

How do we comfort the people of Gaza or the people of Israel?

How do we comfort the people of Kenya afflicted by drought and floods? The people of North Sudan caught up in civil war? The millions of refugees across the world who are homeless and struggling? How do we comfort farmers whose crops have failed, whose livestock have died?

How? By preparing a way through the wilderness of our current world. By levelling a pathway we can all journey along together.

We need to level up the conditions in which people live. Everyone needs and – if we truly care our neighbour this should be unquestionable – should have clean water, a safe home, heating or shade as appropriate, sufficient and wholesome food, access to medicine, to education, the means of communication and transport, access to reliable energy supplies, life affirming work or a purposeful occupation. We also know – or should know – that we all need to live in a world rich in biodiversity so levelling up must involve the natural environment. A biodiverse rich world is one in which resources are used and garnered sustainably – and indeed where natural resources are enriched – regenerated.

When the present UK government stood for election, it did so with a manifesto that promised levelling up for the more disadvantaged parts of the nation. But what it did not talk about was levelling down. You cannot level up without levelling down.

To fill up the valleys the hills and mountains had to be brought low. The world’s resources are finite. Even those that are renewable are only renewable within certain time frames. To renew a field of wheat takes a year, to renew a forest will centuries.

Levelling up and levelling down: the key is to redistribute resources and wealth more equitably. That has to mean the rich having to forgo some of their privileges and give over some of their wealth and use less of the world’s resources just as Mary says in the Magnificat: “He has brought down the powerful from their thrones, and lifted up the lowly; he has filled the hungry with good things, and sent the rich away empty”. It is a biblically based and unavoidable imperative.

This year it was reported that the richest 10% of the global population currently takes 52% of global income, whereas the poorest half of the population earns 8.5% of it. Billions of people face the terrible hardship of high and rising food prices and hunger, whilst the number of billionaires has doubled in the last decade. Between 2019 and 2020, global inequality grew more rapidly than at any time since WW2. (1) To compound the injustice, the richest 1% of humanity is responsible for more carbon emissions than the poorest 66% and it is the poorest who are suffering disproportionately the adverse affects of the climate crisis.

But even within nations there is inequality. Here in the UK the richest 1% of households have fortunes of at least £3.6m, whilst the poorest 10% of households have just £15,400 or less, with almost half burdened with more debts than they had in assets. (ONS January 2022). One in ten households face food insecurity; one in five have to choose between eating and heating. Typically on any one night 2,400 people are sleeping rough, 15,000 people are in hostels or supported accommodation and nearly 250,000 are living in temporary accommodation – most of whom are families.

Advent is a time of waiting for the coming of the reign of God. It is not about passive waiting, but, as the parables of the kingdom season demonstrated, active waiting. A waiting that involves carrying on doing the work with which we have been tasked by Jesus until he comes again with the full glory of the kingdom of God. Advent is a time to be diligent in living lives of “holiness and godliness”. A time to be living lives that “bring good news to the poor…. proclaim release to the captives, and recovery of sight to the blind, to let the oppressed go free, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favour.”

It is a time to level up the low places and level down the high places, whether that is through personal actions, through the support of charities, through campaigning on issues of wealth and taxation, and on issues on injustice, or through advocacy and prayer. Then when Christmas comes we may perhaps more confidently hear again the words of the angel: “See I am bringing you good news of great joy for all the people: to you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, who is the Messiah, the Lord.”

(1) https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2023/jul/17/top-economists-call-for-action-global-inequality-rich-poor-poverty-climate-breakdown-un-world-bank?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

Isaiah 40:1-11

Comfort, O comfort my people,
says your God.

Speak tenderly to Jerusalem,
and cry to her

that she has served her term,
that her penalty is paid,

that she has received from the Lord’s hand
double for all her sins.

A voice cries out:

“In the wilderness prepare the way of the Lord,
make straight in the desert a highway for our God.

Every valley shall be lifted up,
and every mountain and hill be made low;

the uneven ground shall become level,
and the rough places a plain.

Then the glory of the Lord shall be revealed,
and all people shall see it together,
for the mouth of the Lord has spoken.”

A voice says, “Cry out!”
And I said, “What shall I cry?”

All people are grass,
their constancy is like the flower of the field.

The grass withers, the flower fades,
when the breath of the Lord blows upon it;
surely the people are grass.

The grass withers, the flower fades;
but the word of our God will stand for ever.

Get you up to a high mountain,
O Zion, herald of good tidings;

lift up your voice with strength,
O Jerusalem, herald of good tidings,
lift it up, do not fear;

say to the cities of Judah,
“Here is your God!”

See, the Lord God comes with might,
and his arm rules for him;

his reward is with him,
and his recompense before him.

He will feed his flock like a shepherd;
he will gather the lambs in his arms,

and carry them in his bosom,
and gently lead the mother sheep.

Psalm 85:1-2, 8-13

1 You have been gracious to your land, O Lord, *
you have restored the good fortune of Jacob.

2 You have forgiven the iniquity of your people *
and blotted out all their sins.

8 I will listen to what the Lord God is saying, *
for he is speaking peace to his faithful people
and to those who turn their hearts to him.

9 Truly, his salvation is very near to those who fear him, *
that his glory may dwell in our land.

10 Mercy and truth have met together; *
righteousness and peace have kissed each other.

11 Truth shall spring up from the earth, *
and righteousness shall look down from heaven.

12 The Lord will indeed grant prosperity, *
and our land will yield its increase.

13 Righteousness shall go before him, *
and peace shall be a pathway for his feet.

2 Peter 3:8-15a

Do not ignore this one fact, beloved, that with the Lord one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like one day. The Lord is not slow about his promise, as some think of slowness, but is patient with you, not wanting any to perish, but all to come to repentance. But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, and then the heavens will pass away with a loud noise, and the elements will be dissolved with fire, and the earth and everything that is done on it will be disclosed.

Since all these things are to be dissolved in this way, what sort of persons ought you to be in leading lives of holiness and godliness, waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be set ablaze and dissolved, and the elements will melt with fire? But, in accordance with his promise, we wait for new heavens and a new earth, where righteousness is at home.

Therefore, beloved, while you are waiting for these things, strive to be found by him at peace, without spot or blemish; and regard the patience of our Lord as salvation.

Mark 1:1-8

The beginning of the good news of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.

As it is written in the prophet Isaiah,

“See, I am sending my messenger ahead of you,
who will prepare your way;

the voice of one crying out in the wilderness:
‘Prepare the way of the Lord,
make his paths straight,’”

John the baptiser appeared in the wilderness, proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. And people from the whole Judean countryside and all the people of Jerusalem were going out to him, and were baptised by him in the river Jordan, confessing their sins. Now John was clothed with camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist, and he ate locusts and wild honey. He proclaimed, “The one who is more powerful than I is coming after me; I am not worthy to stoop down and untie the thong of his sandals. I have baptised you with water; but he will baptise you with the Holy Spirit.”

1st Sunday of Advent

3rd December 2023

Reflection (readings are below)

My mother once commented that it would be helpful if when you were first pregnant your toenails turned blue. Usually there is no visible sign of the new presence in your life – it’s still a hidden mystery.

Is that true of God’s presence in the world? Would God’s presence be less of a mystery if God really did tear open the heavens, set fire to the brush wood and boil the rivers?

Or is it that the signs are there and we are not reading them correctly? This last summer was a record season for bush fires, and many rivers ran dry, the water – if not boiling – then evaporating. If so, these signs of God’s presence have a message: if you misuse the world that God has created, there will be adverse consequences.

And do we tremble as we see forest fires rage in other parts of the world? Do we quake when we see floods destroy homes and livelihoods in other parts of the globe? (We, that is, in the wealth secure west). Or do we remain convinced that we are invincible, that the climate crisis will not affect our lives?

Let’s suppose we did recognise God’s presence in the world, that we did let our hearts and minds be stunned by what we saw. Would we then repent wholeheartedly of the harm we had caused? Would we then wholeheartedly reorientate our lives to align with God’s will for the care of creation? Would we then wholeheartedly seek to heal and make good the damage we had caused?

This week saw the formal adoption of the global Loss and Damage fund at COP28 – an acknowledgement that the most vulnerable are suffering disproportionately from the effects of climate change caused disproportionately by the wealthy nations, and that therefore those with monetary wealth should assist those with out.

A laudable scheme except that the sums of money proffered by the rich are miserly. The UK government has offered £60million whilst being fully aware of calculations prepared by Christian Aid, that somewhere in the region of £15billion (1) would be the appropriate contribution to a global fund which will need to be distributing $100billion a year.

We need to do better. We need to ask more of our government. To echo the words of the Psalmist, ‘Restore us, O Lord God of hosts; show the light of your countenance, and we shall be saved.’

In this season of Advent, we remind ourselves again that even whilst we are living through a time of suffering, there will come a time of salvation when Christ’s glory will be fully revealed, will be fully made present. As we wait, as we direct our lives towards that future, it is faith in/ of Jesus that will enrich us in word and deed.

Yet waiting is not about do nothing. It is not about being passive. It is not about abdicating our responsibilities. It is about working diligently to bring in the kingdom. It is about doing all that we can – in word and deed – to ensure justice, to love mercy and to walk humbly with God.

May all these three shape the discussions and outcomes of COP28!

(1) https://www.christianaid.org.uk/get-involved/campaigns/climate-change/loss-and-damage-faqs

Isaiah 64:1-9

O that you would tear open the heavens and come down,
so that the mountains would quake at your presence–

as when fire kindles brushwood
and the fire causes water to boil–

to make your name known to your adversaries,
so that the nations might tremble at your presence!

When you did awesome deeds that we did not expect,
you came down, the mountains quaked at your presence.

From ages past no one has heard,
no ear has perceived,

no eye has seen any God besides you,
who works for those who wait for him.

You meet those who gladly do right,
those who remember you in your ways.

But you were angry, and we sinned;
because you hid yourself we transgressed.

We have all become like one who is unclean,
and all our righteous deeds are like a filthy cloth.

We all fade like a leaf,
and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away.

There is no one who calls on your name,
or attempts to take hold of you;

for you have hidden your face from us,
and have delivered us into the hand of our iniquity.

Yet, O Lord, you are our Father;
we are the clay, and you are our potter;
we are all the work of your hand.

Do not be exceedingly angry, O Lord,
and do not remember iniquity forever.
Now consider, we are all your people.

Psalm 80:1-7, 16-18

1 Hear, O Shepherd of Israel, leading Joseph like a flock; *
shine forth, you that are enthroned upon the cherubim.

2 In the presence of Ephraim, Benjamin, and Manasseh, *
stir up your strength and come to help us.

3 Restore us, O God of hosts; *
show the light of your countenance, and we shall be saved.

4 O Lord God of hosts, *
how long will you be angered
despite the prayers of your people?

5 You have fed them with the bread of tears; *
you have given them bowls of tears to drink.

6 You have made us the derision of our neighbours, *
and our enemies laugh us to scorn.

7 Restore us, O God of hosts; *
show the light of your countenance, and we shall be saved.

16 Let your hand be upon the man of your right hand, *
the son of man you have made so strong for yourself.

17 And so will we never turn away from you; *
give us life, that we may call upon your Name.

18 Restore us, O Lord God of hosts; *
show the light of your countenance, and we shall be saved.

1 Corinthians 1:3-9

Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

I give thanks to my God always for you because of the grace of God that has been given you in Christ Jesus, for in every way you have been enriched in him, in speech and knowledge of every kind– just as the testimony of Christ has been strengthened among you– so that you are not lacking in any spiritual gift as you wait for the revealing of our Lord Jesus Christ. He will also strengthen you to the end, so that you may be blameless on the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful; by him you were called into the fellowship of his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.

Mark 13:24-37

Jesus said, “In those days, after that suffering,

the sun will be darkened,
and the moon will not give its light,

and the stars will be falling from heaven,
and the powers in the heavens will be shaken.

Then they will see ‘the Son of Man coming in clouds’ with great power and glory. Then he will send out the angels, and gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of heaven.

“From the fig tree learn its lesson: as soon as its branch becomes tender and puts forth its leaves, you know that summer is near. So also, when you see these things taking place, you know that he is near, at the very gates. Truly I tell you, this generation will not pass away until all these things have taken place. Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away.

“But about that day or hour no one knows, neither the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father. Beware, keep alert; for you do not know when the time will come. It is like a man going on a journey, when he leaves home and puts his slaves in charge, each with his work, and commands the doorkeeper to be on the watch. Therefore, keep awake—for you do not know when the master of the house will come, in the evening, or at midnight, or at cockcrow, or at dawn, or else he may find you asleep when he comes suddenly. And what I say to you I say to all: Keep awake.”

The feast of Christ the King, the last Sunday before Advent .

Reflection (readings follow on)

Reading again the parable of the Sheep and the Goats, I think we would all be herded onto the side of the goats. There are so many people suffering and in need across the world, and despite the wealth that the planet has – in natural resources, in the wealth of human ingenuity and in the economic wealth – we have not managed to distribute these such that we do truly care for our brethren.

This is not a new situation. If I went back to my teenage years, or when I was at university, or when I was a mother of young children, there were so many things wrong in the world which we either did not address or could not resolve: the debt crisis of developing nations, starvation in many regions, imprisonment of those standing up for social justice, the subjugation of women, the persecution of those with different sexual orientations, people suffering from infectious diseases and treatable illnesses, victims of war and civil violence, and the list goes on. I often imagine that in the afterlife anyone of these victims will turn to me and ask, ‘Why didn’t you help?’

Perhaps the parable from Ezekiel is an easier read. As it begins, we feel reassured that there is going to be happy conclusion to life, that God will ensure that we all get to live good, comfortable and contented lives; that creation will be the bucolic, biodiverse garden God envisaged; that God’s salvation will be one of effortless happiness and serenity.

But then we pick up a jarring note, that this future will only be reached through judgement; that there will be a casting out of what is self consuming, a readjustment of priorities and relationships.

So who are we? Are we the fat sheep who have pushed with flank and shoulder, and butted at all the weak animals with our horns, and scattered the vulnerable far and wide?

This week a report was published by the Guardian, Oxfam, the Stockholm Environment Institute and others, called The Great Carbon Divide. Its headline message was that “The richest 1% of humanity is responsible for more carbon emissions than the poorest 66%, with dire consequences for vulnerable communities and global efforts to tackle the climate emergency. [This] most comprehensive study of global climate inequality ever undertaken shows that this elite group, made up of 77 million people including billionaires, millionaires and those paid more than US$140,000 (£112,500) a year, accounted for 16% of all CO2 emissions in 2019.”

“The super-rich are plundering and polluting the planet to the point of destruction and it is those who can least afford it who are paying the highest price,” said Chiara Liguori, Oxfam’s senior climate justice policy adviser. The twin crises of climate and inequality were “fuelling one another”, she said.”

“The suffering falls disproportionately upon people living in poverty, marginalised ethnic communities, migrants and women and girls, who live and work outside or in homes vulnerable to extreme weather, according to the research. These groups are less likely to have savings, insurance or social protection, which leaves them more economically, as well as physically, at risk from floods, drought, heatwaves and forest fires.“

Isn’t this the story of the fat sheep pushing aside the lean sheep?

Neither the parable from Ezekiel nor the one from Jesus, is a comfortable read. If we want to live in a good, comfortable and contented world, then we do have to look at and change the way we live.

The carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is such now that temperatures are going to continue to rise, causing more extreme weather events and rising sea levels. It is likely that by 2070 3 billion people will be living (or rather dying or escaping from) areas of the world that are too hot for human life. So far our response to the climate crisis has to been to do very little and then years later regret that we didn’t make changes sooner. That is surely something we can change!

I am often reminded that we can’t individually solve all the world’s problems, but, as the letter to Ephesians reminds us, we can ask God for wisdom and power through Jesus. As Advent approaches maybe we all need to look at the ways we can alter our lives to protect human life and the environment; to look at how we can take practical, generous, action to be of use to those in need (knowing that in serving them we serve Jesus); and how we can tackle through petitions and activism the unfair differentials of power and wealth that beset the world. And if we can do this together and act collectively, we can become a significant minority and then a major majority.

There are many organisations that you can provide you with information and ideas and whom you then actively support. EG:-

Christian Aid and Cafod, Green Christian, the Laudate Si movement, Christian Climate Action

Practical Action, Tear Fund, Oxfam, A Rocha

Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace, Extinction Rebellion

The Trussel Trust, the Rowntree Foundation, 350.org,

Just Money, Fuel Poverty Action, Christians Against Poverty, Debt Justice

The RSPB, the WWT, the WWF

Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace (101 ways!), Green Christian and Imperial College’s Grantham Institute are good places to start to make your lifestyle climate friendly.

Ezekiel 34:11-16, 20-24

Thus says the Lord God: I myself will search for my sheep, and will seek them out. As shepherds seek out their flocks when they are among their scattered sheep, so I will seek out my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places to which they have been scattered on a day of clouds and thick darkness. I will bring them out from the peoples and gather them from the countries, and will bring them into their own land; and I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, by the watercourses, and in all the inhabited parts of the land. I will feed them with good pasture, and the mountain heights of Israel shall be their pasture; there they shall lie down in good grazing land, and they shall feed on rich pasture on the mountains of Israel. I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I will make them lie down, says the Lord God. I will seek the lost, and I will bring back the strayed, and I will bind up the injured, and I will strengthen the weak, but the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed them with justice.

Therefore, thus says the Lord God to them: I myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep. Because you pushed with flank and shoulder, and butted at all the weak animals with your horns until you scattered them far and wide, I will save my flock, and they shall no longer be ravaged; and I will judge between sheep and sheep.

I will set up over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he shall feed them: he shall feed them and be their shepherd. And I, the Lord, will be their God, and my servant David shall be prince among them; I, the Lord, have spoken.

Psalm 95:1-7a

1 Come, let us sing to the Lord; *
let us shout for joy to the Rock of our salvation.

2 Let us come before his presence with thanksgiving *
and raise a loud shout to him with psalms.

3 For the Lord is a great God, *
and a great King above all gods.

4 In his hand are the caverns of the earth, *
and the heights of the hills are his also.

5 The sea is his, for he made it, *
and his hands have moulded the dry land.

6 Come, let us bow down, and bend the knee, *
and kneel before the Lord our Maker.

7 For he is our God,
and we are the people of his pasture and the sheep of his hand.

Ephesians 1:15-23

I have heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love toward all the saints, and for this reason I do not cease to give thanks for you as I remember you in my prayers. I pray that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and revelation as you come to know him, so that, with the eyes of your heart enlightened, you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance among the saints, and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power for us who believe, according to the working of his great power. God put this power to work in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the age to come. And he has put all things under his feet and has made him the head over all things for the church, which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.

Matthew 25:31-46

Jesus said, “When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory. All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats, and he will put the sheep at his right hand and the goats at the left. Then the king will say to those at his right hand, ‘Come, you that are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; for I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me.’ Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when was it that we saw you hungry and gave you food, or thirsty and gave you something to drink? And when was it that we saw you a stranger and welcomed you, or naked and gave you clothing? And when was it that we saw you sick or in prison and visited you?’ And the king will answer them, ‘Truly I tell you, just as you did it to one of the least of these who are members of my family, you did it to me.’ Then he will say to those at his left hand, ‘You that are accursed, depart from me into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels; for I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink, I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not give me clothing, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’ Then they also will answer, ‘Lord, when was it that we saw you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not take care of you?’ Then he will answer them, ‘Truly I tell you, just as you did not do it to one of the least of these, you did not do it to me.’ And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”