The Green Tau

Counting on … day 109

17th May 2024

When setting out to live a green lifestyle, energy features large – particularly energy with a large carbon footprint. When we had a lump sum on my husband’s retirement, we invested in solar panels, double glazing and cavity wall insulation which have all been worthwhile. Having solar panels encourages us to do the laundry when the sun is shining so that the power we generate directly powers the washing machine.

We also invested in two clean-burn woodburning stoves for winter warmth. These used wood we collected locally – pallets from skips and trees that have been cut down locally by a friendly tree surgeon (cutting them into short manageable sections). We have a shed where the wood can be dried and stored. One stove on its own can warm much of the living space in the house. However we are now reluctant to use them as current research suggests that the harmful particulates produced are significant.

We tend to keep the thermostat low (gas boiler) around 16-18C, and instead to wear extra layers, and use a small fan heater to heat one room rather than the house. We are currently planning to replace the boiler with an air to air heat pump. By cutting back on showers and using the kettle for washing water, we obviate the need to use the boiler for heating water – instead running the emersion for a weekly shower.

Further readings – https://greentau.org/2022/06/22/eco-tips-living-sustainably-with-electricity/

Counting On … day 108

16th May 2024

With dry summers and water shortages, we have cut back on our use of water. We boil water for dish washing – one kettle is sufficient per wash – as this saves drawing several kettle’s worth of water from the hot water cylinder to get to the hot water. We boil water likewise for a daily body wash and then only need to heat the hot water cylinder when we shower which we typically do once a week. Showering once a week doesn’t leave us smelly or dirty! Realising this, also makes us less likely to put clothes in the laundry basket after one or two uses (although my running shirt does need regular washing). Laundering less often again reduces water – and energy – consumption.

We collect dish washing water for use on the garden when the ground is dry. Hand washing water we collect and use to quickly flush the loo – using the cistern flush as necessary.

Rain water is collected for watering the garden and for keeping the pond topped up.

Although our water is metered we have yet to have a bill based on how much we use as opposed to an estimate!

Counting on … day 107

15th May 2024

Maintenance is linked to repair. Good maintenance reduces the need for emergency repairs.

The things we maintain most – now that we no longer have a car – are our bicycles. Cleaning, checking tyres and brakes, and twice a year a thorough service at the local cycle shop.

Waterproof coats and trousers, walking boots and shoes, all benefit from regular cleaning and rewaterproofing.

Counting on … day 106

14th May 2024

Repairing and mending things is another way in which we reduce the need to recycle and replace things. I darn socks and jumpers, patch worn pants and trousers, restitch seems and hems, cut worn sheets and resew them edges to the middle, patch old towels or reform them as hand towels, etc. One of the local repair cafes was able to repair a broken electric kettle, whilst glue, and self hardening putty have been used to mend broken China, worn recharging cables, pan lid handles etc.

Shoes get reheeled or resoled at the cobblers. We mend bike punctures, replace brake blocks etc.

Counting on … day 105

13th May 2024

We buy many things second hand – clothes, books and jigsaws – via our local charity shops. Buying second hand/ pre-loved is a good way of making best use of limited resources and cuts out recycling costs. (I could put my unwanted books in the paper recycling and buy new books printed on recycled paper but the better option is to use the loop offered by the charity shops to swop books with others. The same can be true for clothes etc). Charity/ second hand shops have also turned up surprises. When needing a new pan, one the exact right size turned up in Oxfam!

We also use second hand sources such as Music Magpie, eBay etc to buy mobile phones, a coffee kettle etc. Second hand/ pre-loved is a good way of making better use of valuable resources without damaging the environment.

Sunday between Ascension and Pentecost

12th May 2024

Reflection with readings below

At this stage of the Easter season it can feel as if some of the steam has gone from the lectionary. The readings lack exhilaration! The drama of the resurrection stories seems to have drifted into the past. Can we yet capture the frizzon of Easter – the surprise and amazement and energy? Or is this a Sunday to pause between the mystery and joy of Easter and the power and energy of Pentecost?

In the episode from Acts, Matthias is chosen to be the named twelfth apostle to take on the ministry of the era of the resurrection. Last week I suggested we might see this ministry as being achieving victory over ‘worldliness’, the bringing in of the kingdom of God on earth. So whilst Matthias was a named apostle tasked with this mission, I think we are all chosen and tasked with this ministry. The writer of the letter of John tells that we have the testimony of God in our hearts. And the writer of John’s gospel tells us that we have been sanctified by God to act according to the truth of God as revealed to us by Jesus.

How does this help us respond to the world? To the war and violence, the prejudice and persecution, sickness and the underfunded health system, poverty and the unequal distribution of resources, greed and apathy and the destruction of the natural environment, short-termism and the failure of leadership? AND to the beauty of creation, of acts of kindness and generosity, of miracles of healing, of moments of joy and humour, and the love shown to us by people and creatures alike?

Firstly we know that the things of harmfulness are not in accordance with God’s kingdom, God’s law or rule. The Magnificat; the manifesto given by Jesus, using the words of Isaiah, in the synagogue; Jesus’s declaration of the two most important commandments – to love God wholeheartedly and to love our neighbour as ourself: all these tell us this. AND we know that the things of joy are witnesses to the presence of God’s kingdom. Many of the psalms give us words that magnify this joy.

Second we have been told by Jesus to take our concerns to God in prayer. Such prayer helps us express and understand, or at least cope with, our own feelings. And I believe it does release a power that can effect change. Prayer can also witness to others the concerns we feel and so increase the capacity for change. I also believe that sharing with God the things that make us joyful, strengthens our faith and the scope of others to see the presence of God’s kingdom on earth.

Third, we have been told by Jesus that words are not enough but must be followed through by actions – remember the parable of the two sons, the parable of the sheep and goats, etc – and by his own examples, Jesus has shown us that we should do all we can to right wrongs, to bring healing to situations, and to respond to people in need with compassion and empathy. And we should do all we can to cherish the beauty of the world, and things of joy. Jesus repeatedly used the natural,world to teach his followers, turned brief encounters into lasting friendships, and made meals into parties.

Fourth, we have the examples of Peter and Paul in the Book of Acts, of John the Baptist, and of Jesus himself, of speaking truth to power – whether that is to religious leaders or business leaders or to financiers or to those in government.

Thinking practically, two examples: first, the fighting and the suffering in Gaza. We can pray. We can include Gaza in our church intercessions. We can join groups/ services that have a part focus on Gaza – and we may find that through these we gain in understanding of the issues. Keeping abreast of the news will also help us make our prayers more meaningful. We can make sure we are aware of all the different issues involved, the different people on all sides, and how they are being affected.

We can give practical support – at this distance through donations to charities operating in the area.

We can boycott businesses that are supporting the apartheid regime in Israel and follow that up with letters to the companies.

We can sign petitions calling for justice.

We can write to our MPs, and the Secretary of State for foreign policy, asking for a cease fire, asking for increased humanitarian aid, asking for an end of arms sales to the region. We can ask for matters to be referred to the International Court of Human Rights.

Second, No Mow May. It may seem like a small thing but this annual invitation to let our lawns grow unrestrained gives us the chance to see and rejoice in flowers and seed heads, insects and birds, that we would otherwise miss – and thus the incentive to pray. It encourages to see understand better the interconnectedness of God’s world and our part in it – and thus to be more caring, to be more concerned to live in harmony with the ways of God’s kingdom. And it gives us the opportunity to talk with others about such things, to share the joys and the opportunities of God’s kingdom. I am already surprised by how many people I have overheard talking about No Mow May this year!

If we can do these things in response to both the grief and the joy we see in the world, then we can make a difference, we can carry out that ministry that is bringing in the kingdom of God. And maybe we will be able to find moments when we feel the frisson on the risen Jesus or the overwhelming power of the Holy Spirit or the deep calm of God?

Acts 1:15-17, 21-26

In those days Peter stood up among the believers (together the crowd numbered about one hundred twenty persons) and said, “Friends, the scripture had to be fulfilled, which the Holy Spirit through David foretold concerning Judas, who became a guide for those who arrested Jesus– for he was numbered among us and was allotted his share in this ministry. So one of the men who have accompanied us during all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from the baptism of John until the day when he was taken up from us– one of these must become a witness with us to his resurrection.” So they proposed two, Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also known as Justus, and Matthias. Then they prayed and said, “Lord, you know everyone’s heart. Show us which one of these two you have chosen to take the place in this ministry and apostleship from which Judas turned aside to go to his own place.” And they cast lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthias; and he was added to the eleven apostles.

Psalm 1

1 Happy are they who have not walked in the counsel of the wicked, *
nor lingered in the way of sinners,
nor sat in the seats of the scornful!

2 Their delight is in the law of the Lord, *
and they meditate on his law day and night.

3 They are like trees planted by streams of water,
bearing fruit in due season, with leaves that do not wither; *
everything they do shall prosper.

4 It is not so with the wicked; *
they are like chaff which the wind blows away.

5 Therefore the wicked shall not stand upright when judgment comes, *
nor the sinner in the council of the righteous.

6 For the Lord knows the way of the righteous, *
but the way of the wicked is doomed.

1 John 5:9-13

If we receive human testimony, the testimony of God is greater; for this is the testimony of God that he has testified to his Son. Those who believe in the Son of God have the testimony in their hearts. Those who do not believe in God have made him a liar by not believing in the testimony that God has given concerning his Son. And this is the testimony: God gave us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have the Son of God does not have life.

I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.

John 17:6-19

Jesus prayed for his disciples, “I have made your name known to those whom you gave me from the world. They were yours, and you gave them to me, and they have kept your word. Now they know that everything you have given me is from you; for the words that you gave to me I have given to them, and they have received them and know in truth that I came from you; and they have believed that you sent me. I am asking on their behalf; I am not asking on behalf of the world, but on behalf of those whom you gave me, because they are yours. All mine are yours, and yours are mine; and I have been glorified in them. And now I am no longer in the world, but they are in the world, and I am coming to you. Holy Father, protect them in your name that you have given me, so that they may be one, as we are one. While I was with them, I protected them in your name that you have given me. I guarded them, and not one of them was lost except the one destined to be lost, so that the scripture might be fulfilled. But now I am coming to you, and I speak these things in the world so that they may have my joy made complete in themselves. I have given them your word, and the world has hated them because they do not belong to the world, just as I do not belong to the world. I am not asking you to take them out of the world, but I ask you to protect them from the evil one. They do not belong to the world, just as I do not belong to the world. Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth. As you have sent me into the world, so I have sent them into the world. And for their sakes I sanctify myself, so that they also may be sanctified in truth.”

Green Tau: Issue 89

Profit, cost and loss

10th May 2024

Maximising profits seems to be the name of the game, the chief goal of businesses, educational establishments, public services, governments etc. But what are profits and are they intrinsically good?

What is profit?

A profit is an advantage or benefit, or more specifically a financial gain. The word’s meaning comes from the Latin ‘profectus’ meaning growth, advance, increase, success or progress. From this there comes the idea that to profit is to benefit.

In business terms profit may be understood as:-

Gross profit = revenue from selling a product or service less costs of materials used in producing it.

Operating profit = gross profits less operating costs such as of labour, machinery, depreciation, rent and utilities.

Net profit = operating profit less all other costs such as taxes and interest payments.

Who benefits from the profit?

The business owner who can simply pocket the lot.
The business owner as a return on his/ her investment – possibly a risky investment.
The business if the owner reinvests the profit in the business. Such investment could upgrade the business’s resources, infrastructure, and/or workforce, and so improve productivity.
The shareholders if the profit is shared as a dividend.
The employees if the profit is shared as a bonus.
The country may benefit if tax is paid on the profit.

The company and its shareholders may also benefit in other ways. Increasing profits can increase the value of the company’s shares which benefits the share holders (if they choose to sell) and increase the value of the company. The latter can benefit the company if the owner wished to sell or, conversely, protect the company if the owner wished to avoid being bought out. It can also benefit the company by making it easier for it to obtain finance for its operations. Maintaining and indeed improving profits also safeguards the jobs of the senior members of staff.

But are higher profits always better?

Increased profits may not be better for the consumers who may be contributing to these profits through paying higher prices. Last summer UK supermarkets were accused of ‘greed-flation’ as they reported significant profits whilst food price increases peaked at nearly 20%.

Increased profits may not be better for employees who may face redundancies and pay cuts in order to maintain profits. Labour costs are often the first things a business tries to reduce to improve profitability.

Increased profits may not be better for the environment, if more damaging processes and trading practices are used to reduce costs and increase profits. Some companies transfer operations to other countries where there are lower environmental protection standards – or where there is cheaper labour and/ or lower welfare requirements.

Increased profits may not be better for the environment if they also increase pollution. Increasing oil production leads to more flaring and more oil leaks damaging the environment. Increasing profits through sales of more takeaway meals, increases the use of single use plastic and the pollution it causes.

Increased profits may not be better for the environment if the increase comes from the increased production of a product that is intrinsically damaging – whether that is carbon producing fossil fuels, or muck and methane producing cattle/ chickens etc.

All the above will also have adverse effects on the local community either though increased local unemployment or through increased pollution. Local communities can also be affected if the increase in profits arises from increases in production leading to increases in delivery traffic.

If the increase in profits only, or disproportionately, benefits those on high incomes, that can increase environmental damage as those on high incomes tend to have lifestyles with a higher carbon and environmental footprint. It can increase social inequalities that undermine social cohesion and wellbeing. It can create inequalities in power, resulting in the community/ society/ economy being shaped to suit those with most money – further disadvantaging the low paid and unemployed.

The increase in profits may not benefit the host country if the company can arrange its affairs so that its tax is paid elsewhere – probably at a lower rate.

Do markets prevent excess profits?

According to pure economic theory the movement of the market will prevent excess profits being made. For if a business makes more profits than expected, other companies will enter the market and such competition will continue until profits return to the normal level. In reality markets are not perfect. It can be hard for new or small firms to enter especially of the start up costs are large – eg in the oil industry, in supermarket chains etc.

It maybe that a company holds an effective monopoly – rivals to ‘X’ cannot offer their customers the same audience base. Ditto for an online market trying to compete with Amazon.

Information is not perfect. Many consumers may not know that Starbucks does not pay a fair proportion of taxes in the UK, that Shell is not paying for the safe dismantling of its disused oil pipelines, allowing them to leak toxic chemicals into the North Sea, or that their supermarket chicken has come from a factory farm that is polluting the River Wye. If customers knew these facts would they be as willing for pay for the products that generate profits for multi national companies? Sadly it maybe that many customers have a low income that prevents them making other choices.

Does profit have to be the over riding priority?

No, other business models exist.

Charities and not for profit businesses operate in the basis that the prime objective is to pursue the mission of the organisation, and if profits arise, they are to be used to support that. eg The National Trust, the Big Issue, The Peabody Housing Association.
Social enterprises which aim to promote, encourage, and make social change. Any profits are reinvested in the enterprise. eg Belu who sell bottled water who donate their profit to Water Aid. Clean For Good is a London based cleaning company that promotes fair and ethical employment of cleaning staff; profits are shared between reinvested, cleaning staff and shareholders (charitable bodies such as the Parish of St Andrew’s in the Wardrobe, CMS, and the Centre for Theology & Community.
Cooperatives are companies owned and controlled by its members so as to meet their shared needs. eg Suma is a workers’ cooperative – its business is owned and run by its employees who then share equally in the profits. Energy 4 All helps develop community owned renewable energy projects. Members receive a fair return on their investment from the sale of green electricity but at a level that is capped so that the balance of the profits can support the community fund enabling more such projects.
Mutuals are companies which are owned by their customers, who share in the profits. eg Scottish Friendly which is a finance services provider whose profits are reinvested in the business. NFU Mutual which is an insurance company for the farming industry. It has 900,000 members and any profits made are shared between them.
Impact businesses have two ‘bottom lines’, one being profitably and the other a dedicated issue that could be social, environmental etc. eg Octopus Energy aims both to be profitable and to make the renewable energy transition faster and cheaper for its customers. Hey Girls sells period products using a buy-one-give-one model to end period poverty and improve period health.
B-corps are impact businesses that have been certified by B Lab – a world wide certification body – as meeting specific target levels vis a vis their social impact. eg The Guardian is a B Corp with a commitment to using its profits to support carbon neutral policies, reporting on climate change and, for example, not accepting advertising from fossil fuel extractors. OddBox takes fruit and vegetables that would otherwise go for waste – because they are too many or too few in number, the wrong shape or otherwise unwanted by retailers – and sells them via a veg box scheme.
Credit Unions are community-based financial organisations where profits are used to support local initiatives or are repaid to members. Members may have to qualify by living in a certain area or working within a certain industry or for a specific employer. Members are often encouraged to save money with the Credit Union before applying for a loan.
Community share schemes allow people to invest in a local scheme via ‘withdrawable shares’ – these cannot be sold, traded or transferred, and whilst the share holder may receive interest on their investment, no dividend is paid. All members have an equal vote in shaping the policy of the company. Members can withdraw their share – but only if the company has the funds to buy them back. Community share schemes are used for to support nurseries, pubs, local transport schemes and preserved railways etc.

There are many ways of running businesses that benefit society in ways other than purely financial. These are the truly ‘profitable’ businesses!

Counting on … day 104

10th May 2024

Having said that we try to minimise waste, should what we recycle be seen as recycled waste? Flour and oats both come in large paper sacks. The sacks are single use which arguable might seem wasteful but they can be recycled. They are good for collecting all the other paper that goes out for recycling. Margerine comes in plastic tubs – again single use but recyclable.

One reason that our dustbin fills slowly is because we can recycle much of the ‘waste’ that comes into the house. We recycle paper and card, aluminium foil, tins, glass and standard plastics via the Council’s kerb side collection. We take soft plastics to the Coop for recycling, toothpaste tubes to Boots, medical blister packs to Superdrug. There is a recycling bin for small electrical goods at the library and for batteries at Robert Dyas.

Recycling is good and worth doing but it comes with its own consumption of resources and production of emissions. And we know that in reality many things that are labelled as recyclable are not recycled – often because they are not put into the appropriate recycling bin. Greater thought needs to be given by designers and producers to reduce what needs to be recycled and how often.

The aim becomes not consuming more than you need to consume, buying less and ensuring the best and most efficient use of what we do consume.

Counting on … day 103

9th May 2024

One of the main ways we minimise waste is through using refill services. Our milk, including oat milk, is delivered to the door in refilled glass bottles. Apple and Bees – a local health food shop – has a refill service for laundry and washing up liquids – whilst from The Source store in Richmond we buy most of our groceries – sugar, dried fruit, grains, yeast flakes, salt and spices, as well as items such as nut butters (ground/ processed direct into your jar) olive oil, tahini and tamari – all into the refillable jars/ bottles and bags that we bring from home. And our local cafe and coffee roastery has a refill service for coffee beans. This means that there is very little that we need to buy that comes with additional packaging – typically items such as vegan butter and margerine, tin tomatoes, tofu, miso and yeast extract.

Counting on … day 102

8th May 2024

Waste free and plastic free are closely linked as waste free includes plastic free but goes a step further exploring how we can reduce the unnecessary use – ie waste – of resources. Why do sandwiches/ cakes etc come in both a paper bag and a paper carrier bag? Why do toothpaste tubes comes in a cardboard box? Why do we reuse glass milk bottles but not glass wine bottles?

Looking for waste free options is another way in which we go about shopping and we can see the outcome in the frequency with which we put out our dustbin – maybe once or twice a year.